{"id":1600,"date":"2025-04-28T18:32:29","date_gmt":"2025-04-28T18:32:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ioasat.org\/?p=1600"},"modified":"2025-04-28T20:33:37","modified_gmt":"2025-04-28T20:33:37","slug":"%d8%ae%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%b7%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%b4%d8%a9-%d8%b9%d9%85%d9%84-%d8%b5%d9%8a%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%88%d8%ad%d8%af%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%88%d8%b7%d9%86%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%88-%d8%aa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ioasat.org\/en\/%d8%ae%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%b7%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%b4%d8%a9-%d8%b9%d9%85%d9%84-%d8%b5%d9%8a%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%88%d8%ad%d8%af%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%88%d8%b7%d9%86%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%88-%d8%aa\/","title":{"rendered":"\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0634\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0641\u064a\u0629 “\u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 “2011"},"content":{"rendered":"
Definitions Essential for Unifying Terminology:\n\nTo avoid any misunderstandings regarding the goals and foundations for addressing the sectarian issue in Syria, the plan developed for the activities and conferences of the Workshop on Preserving National Unity and Criminalizing Sectarianism in Syria includes the following definitions:<\/p>\n
For further details, please refer to the article on the definition of sectarianism, sectarian leaders, and their impact.\u00a0<\/a><\/p>\n \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0648 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u064a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0648 \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0636\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0648 \u062a\u062c\u064a\u0634\u0647\u0627 \u0636\u062f \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f.<\/p>\n \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 : \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0648\u0636\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0634\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u064a \u0646\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u0633 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0648 \u0639\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u062b\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0641\u064a\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0645 \u0645\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0628\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u0635\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0627\u0626\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u062b\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0631\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u0633 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0645\u0627\u0632\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0631\u0649 \u0632\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0638\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0648\u0639 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628.<\/p>\n \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0632\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0636\u0631\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0641\u064a\u0629\u061f: \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u064a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0641\u060c \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u0627 \u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0643\u0647\u0646\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0632\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f.<\/p>\n \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0633\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0632\u0639 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u062e \u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641 “\u0641\u0636\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0647\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1967″\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0639\u0637\u0649 \u0627\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0631\u0647 \u0643\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062d \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0647\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634\u060c \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d \u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u064a \u062e\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0627\u064a \u0647\u0631\u0648\u0628 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0647\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0647\u0645\u060c \u062a\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u0645\u0629 \u0647\u0646\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n \u0645\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062f \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0647\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u062a \u0628\u0627\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0641\u064a\u0629 (\u0641\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u062b\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0630\u064a\u0628 \u0628\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0629!!). \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0628\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0642\u062a \u0641\u062a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0636\u062d\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641 \u0636\u062d\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u0645\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0647\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0645\u062a \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0648 \u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649.<\/p>\n \u0646\u062c\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0635\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0629. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0630\u064a\u0628\u0627.<\/p>\n \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0647\u062f\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639\u0628\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0644\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0631\u0642\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0631\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u064a \u064a\u0636\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0624\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0648 \u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062f.<\/p>\n \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0634\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0646\u062c\u062d\u062a \u0645\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062f \u0628\u0627\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0637\u0627\u0626\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u064a\u064a\u0646 (\u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a \u062a\u0632\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0648\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a) \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0644\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0646\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0633\u0642\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627. \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0646\u0639\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0633\u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0646\u062c\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0641 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0642\u062f \u0627\u0645\u0639\u0646\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0647\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0630\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u062d\u0631\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0635 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627: \u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n 1- \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n 2- \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0628\u0639) \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n 3- \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u060c \u0644\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u064a\u062f \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0646\u0641\u0630\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0632\u0631\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u060c\u00a0 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u0639\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0648\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0631 \u0637\u0627\u0626\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0628\u0631\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062c\u0632\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0645 \u0632\u0631\u0639 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0641 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0633\u0642\u0637 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0632\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0631\u060c<\/p>\n \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n \u2013 The regime in Syria does not represent a single religious sect, but rather consists of a group loyal to the regime\u2014individuals who have willingly subjected themselves to serving the ruling family that has monopolized power.<\/p>\n \u2013 It is the regime that has deliberately fueled sectarian sentiment within the country, relying on persuading segments of minority groups that its continued existence is their sole protection, and that its fall would result in their persecution or annihilation. Accordingly, our response to the regime must be devoid of any sectarian character.<\/p>\n \u2013 Emphasis must be placed on the fact that we are all Syrians, and that every sect in Syria constitutes an integral part of the overall fabric of the Syrian people. The history of Syria bears witness to the coexistence and harmony among all its sects, as evidenced by their unified stand against the French colonial occupation. This spirit of unity persisted after independence until the advent of the so-called 'Blessed Corrective Movement'.<\/p>\n – \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0648\u0627 \u0644\u0633\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062f (\u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u062c\u062d \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0628\u062c\u0631 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d).<\/p>\n \u2013 The Islamists must adopt the following stance: We (the assembled representatives of the Islamic movement) are fully aware that, with the exception of a small number of security and military officers, the majority of Alawite community members are impoverished, and their condition is deplorable. It is inaccurate to claim that the poor Alawite is more privileged than the poor from other sects, as there is no privilege in poverty, humiliation, hunger, and need. On the contrary, they were, in many instances, the most vulnerable to humiliation and bullying by the deranged members of the Assad family and their thugs.<\/p>\n \u2013 If any sectarian practices, writings, or stances by certain extremists occurred before or during the uprising, whether on the media level or in real-life actions, we hereby declare our condemnation and rejection of such practices, and we declare a complete severance from any association with them.<\/p>\n \u2013 After the fall of the regime, we are all one people, and it is essential that tolerance and the path of reconciliation be our approach, along with the rejection of vengeance as our doctrine, our religion, and the commitment of the revolution towards others, including those who supported the regime, except for those whose hands are stained with blood, those who plundered public funds, and those whose situations should be determined by fair courts that guarantee their right to defend themselves and issue appropriate judgments regarding the crimes they have committed.<\/p>\n \u2013 We will all be equal in our love for the nation, and we will be united in building the country during that transitional phase after the fall of the regime, which will mark a historic turning point in the life of this nation.<\/p>\n Glory and eternal remembrance to the martyrs of the Syrian revolution.<\/p>\n Coordinator of the National Unity and Criminalization of Sectarianism Workshop. Dr. Socrat Al-Baaj<\/a><\/p>\nDefinition of Sectarianism:<\/h2>\n
Definition of Sectarian Leaders:<\/span><\/h2>\n
When Does Sectarianism Emerge?<\/h2>\n
Sectarianism in Syria<\/h2>\n
\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627- \u062d\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0648\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629:<\/h2>\n
1- Assad's Mafia is part of the Zionist project.<\/h3>\n
2- The Syrian Revolution Succeeded<\/h3>\n
3- Components of the Syrian People<\/h3>\n
4- Inciting Sectarian Hysteria Among Minorities<\/h3>\n
Requirements for the Involvement of Minorities in the Revolution<\/h2>\n
Concept of Citizenship<\/h3>\n
\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0628\u0639) \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/h3>\n
\u062a\u0637\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/h3>\n